Reader Question: Dog Exposed to Lice – How to Protect Other Pets at Home

My Dog Was Exposed to Lice – What Should I Do to Protect the Others?

Reader's Question:

My larger Burma-doodle was exposed today to another dog confirmed with lice! I did not know until we got home. I have three other dogs (all under 10 pounds and 12 years old). What should I do now to protect ALL of my dogs?

What to Know About Dog Lice and How to Prevent a Household Outbreak

Thank you for your question. While lice in dogs is relatively uncommon—especially in clean, well-cared-for pets—it can still happen, particularly through direct contact with an infested animal. Fortunately, dog lice do not spread to humans and are species-specific, but they can spread between dogs in the same household, especially if not treated early.

Step 1: Understand Canine Lice

• Dog lice are small, wingless insects that live in the fur and feed on skin debris or blood.
• There are two main types: *Trichodectes canis* (chewing lice) and *Linognathus setosus* (sucking lice).
• They are spread by direct contact or shared bedding, grooming tools, collars, or blankets.
• Lice are more common in puppies, older dogs, or those with weakened immune systems.

Step 2: What to Watch For

• Scratching, biting, or restlessness
• Dry, irritated skin or dandruff-like debris (called "nits") attached to hair shafts
• Hair loss or patchy coat in more advanced cases

Step 3: Immediate Prevention Measures

• Quarantine the Exposed Dog: If possible, separate your Burma-doodle from your
  other dogs for a few days and monitor for signs of lice.
• Disinfect Shared Spaces: Wash bedding, blankets, and soft toys in hot water and dry them thoroughly. Clean floors and vacuum thoroughly, though lice don’t survive long off the host.
• Start Preventive Treatment: Apply a **topical flea and lice treatment** to all dogs, not just the one exposed. Products like:
  • Fipronil (e.g., Frontline Plus)
  • Selamectin (e.g., Revolution)
  • Imidacloprid + Permethrin (for dogs only, e.g., K9 Advantix II — do NOT use on cats)
  Most of these are available over the counter or through a veterinarian.
• Repeat Treatment: Lice eggs (nits) are resistant to initial treatment. Follow up with a second dose 2–3 weeks later, as directed by the product or vet.

Step 4: Monitor All Dogs Closely

• Check all dogs daily, especially around ears, neck, groin, and tail base.
• If any show signs of infestation, treat immediately and consult a veterinarian for confirmation and guidance.

When to See a Veterinarian

• If any dog begins to scratch excessively, develop hair loss, or show signs of skin infection or weakness.
• If you're unsure which treatment is safe, especially given your dogs’ senior age (12 years) and small size.

Early prevention and proactive treatment make a big difference when dealing with lice. Since your dogs are older and smaller, keep a close eye on them and consider treating all pets just to be safe. Most importantly, avoid panic—canine lice are unpleasant, but manageable with timely action.

Please note: This information is intended to complement, not replace, the advice of your pet's veterinarian. Always consult a vet for professional medical advice about your pet's health.